Understanding Mental Health and Its Impact

Mental health, defined as emotional, psychological, and social well-being, is crucial at every stage of life, from childhood through adulthood. It influences how we think, feel, and act, affects how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices.

In its Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) highlighted that various vulnerable groups may be at higher risk of suffering from mental health conditions. These groups include:

• Individuals with chronic illnesses

• Individuals living in poverty

• Individuals exposed to humanitarian emergencies (e.g., natural disasters or conflict)

• Unemployed individuals

• Victims of domestic abuse

• The elderly

Mental illness does not discriminate. It affects individuals of all ages, races, religions, and income levels. Contrary to some misconceptions, mental illnesses are true health conditions and not the result of poor upbringing or personal weakness.

Meeting the medical needs of mental health patients presents significant challenges as many countries lack the resources to address the growing demands of this population. Untreated mental illness can lead to severe consequences such as unemployment, substance abuse, homelessness, inappropriate incarceration, and unnecessary disability (Stoskopf & Johnson, 2018). The economic costs are also substantial, linked to lost productivity, the expense of critical services like emergency departments, and the costs associated with incarceration.

Mental illness can affect anyone at any time, but certain conditions are more likely to emerge at specific life stages. For instance, depression and anxiety disorders often manifest during adolescence or early adulthood. The World Health Organization (2017) reported that over 300 million people worldwide suffer from depression, making it the single greatest contributor to global disability.

Yes, mental illness is treatable. Comprehensive primary mental health services are crucial to alleviate suffering. Improving mental health care requires a multi-faceted approach:

• Increase the Availability of Services: Expanding access to mental health services ensures more individuals can receive the help they need.

• Integrate Mental Health into General Healthcare: Making mental health care a standard part of general healthcare can reduce stigma and improve accessibility.
  

• Train and License More Professionals: A larger workforce of trained mental health professionals can better meet the growing demands.
  

• Address Developmental Disorders Early: Early intervention for children with developmental disorders can prevent more severe issues later in life.

Being aware of the signs of mental health issues is vital for early intervention. Some indicators include:

• Eating or sleeping too much or too little

• Having low or no energy

• Experiencing severe mood swings

• Feeling helpless or hopeless

• Unexplained aches and pains

Unfortunately, the stigma surrounding mental health has crippled many individuals who desperately need services (Pocock, 2017). An estimated 40% of countries lack adequate mental health services, and 25% have no budget allocated to mental health (Stoskopf & Johnson, 2018). Ministry of Health (MOH) has taken a proactive approach to bridge this gap with initiatives like the Comprehensive Health Guidance Initiative – Primary Mental Care Program.

Understanding the prevalence of mental illness, the barriers to accessing care, and the economic and social impacts can help inform better solutions and reduce stigma. By recognizing mental health as an integral part of overall health, we can create a more supportive environment for those affected by mental illness.

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